2017-10-25

At 49 days, Liz Truss concluded the shortest tenure as prime minister of the United Kingdom.

Mount Merapi in Central Java, Indonesia, began an increasingly violent series of eruptions that lasted over a month.

Windows XP, one of the most popular and widely used versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system, was released for retail sale.

The People's Volunteer Army ambushed the South Korean II Corps at the Battle of Onjong, and elsewhere engaged the 1st Infantry Division at the Battle of Unsan, marking China's entry into the Korean War.

Heinrich Himmler ordered a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a nonconformist youth group that assisted army deserters and others hiding from the Nazis.

USS Tang, the U.S. Navy submarine credited with sinking more ships than any other American submarine, sank when it was struck by its own torpedo.

The Italian cruise liner SS Principessa Mafalda sank when a propeller shaft broke and fractured the hull, resulting in 314 deaths.

The Daily Mail published the Zinoviev letter, a hoax purported to be a directive from Moscow to increase communist agitation.

Irish playwright and politician Terence MacSwiney died after a hunger strike in Brixton Prison, bringing the Irish struggle for independence to international attention.

American Civil War: During Price's Missouri Expedition, Union troops defeated Sterling Price's Confederate army in three successive battles: Marais des Cygnes, Mine Creek, and Marmiton River.