List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients

This is a partial list of recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, listed chronologically within the aspect of life in which each recipient is or was renowned.

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is awarded by the president of the United States to "any person recommended to the President for award of the Medal or any person selected by the President upon his own initiative". Before 1970, honorees were either selected by the president or recommended to them by the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board.

History

Typically the medal is bestowed upon the recipient by the sitting president who has chosen them. However, the first recipients selected by president John F. Kennedy before his assassination were formally awarded by his successor in office, Lyndon B. Johnson.

President Barack Obama awarded 118 medals, the most of any president, followed by President Bill Clinton with 89 medal recipients. Three people—Ellsworth Bunker, Colin Powell, and Ben Carson—are two-time recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Colin Powell received his second award with distinction, while Ellsworth Bunker was given both of his awards with distinction.

Eight presidents have themselves received the medal either posthumously, post-presidency, or prior to being elected:

• John F. Kennedy (1963, posthumously)
• Lyndon B. Johnson (1980, posthumously)
• Ronald Reagan (1993, with distinction)
• Gerald Ford (1999)
• Jimmy Carter (1999)
• George H. W. Bush (2011)
• Bill Clinton (2013)
• Joe Biden (2017, as Vice President; with distinction)

In 2015, President Barack Obama stated that there was no precedent to revoke a Presidential Medal of Freedom, regarding the award given to stand-up comedian and actor Bill Cosby. After being awarded the medal, Cosby was convicted of multiple counts of sexual assault, though the convictions were later overturned.

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is related to, but distinct from, the Medal of Freedom, an earlier award issued between 1945 and 1963 to honor US civilian contributions to World War II.

In 2022 at the age of 25, athlete and activist Simone Biles became the youngest person to receive the award.

Declinations of the award

Bill Belichick, coach of the New England Patriots, was offered the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Donald Trump, and initially accepted it, but changed his mind and turned down the medal after the January 6 United States Capitol attack.

Country musician Dolly Parton turned down the medal twice from Donald Trump. Parton said she turned it down the first time because her husband was ill, and the second time because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Awarded with Distinction

List

• † – Awarded posthumously
• WD – Awarded "with Distinction"

Selected by John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy selected 31 recipients to be awarded in 1963. After his assassination they were officially awarded by Lyndon B. Johnson.

Awarded by Lyndon B. Johnson

Lyndon B. Johnson awarded 58 medals between 1963 and 1969, excluding 31 which were selected by John F. Kennedy.

Awarded by Richard Nixon

Richard Nixon awarded 28 medals between 1969 and 1974.

Awarded by Gerald Ford

Gerald Ford awarded 28 medals between 1974 and 1977.

Awarded by Jimmy Carter

Jimmy Carter awarded 34 medals between 1977 and 1981.

Awarded by Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan awarded 86 medals between 1981 and 1989.

Awarded by George H. W. Bush

George H. W. Bush awarded 38 medals between 1989 and 1993.

Awarded by Bill Clinton

Bill Clinton awarded 89 medals between 1993 and 2001.

Awarded by George W. Bush

George W. Bush awarded 82 medals between 2001 and 2009.

Awarded by Barack Obama

Barack Obama awarded 118 medals between 2009 and 2017.

Awarded by Donald Trump (first term)

During his first term, Donald Trump awarded 24 medals between 2017 and 2021.

Awarded by Joe Biden

Joe Biden awarded 57 medals between 2022 and 2025.

Awarded by Donald Trump (second term)

During his second term, Donald Trump has awarded one medal and has announced three; though this number is likely to change.

Notes

See also

• List of Congressional Gold Medal recipients

Bibliography

• Wetterau, Bruce (1996). The Presidential Medal of Freedom: Winners and Their Achievements. Congressional Quarterly. p. 513. ISBN 978-1-56802-128-7. – contains a list of awardees from 1963 to approximately 1995

References

External links

• Medal of Freedom, Official site for the Medal of Freedom for the Obama administration
• Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1963–2002 (chronological by president, pp. 5–21, alphabetical pp. 24–4), Congressional Research Service via the Federation of American Scientists
• Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1993–2009, United States Senate
• Politicians Who Received the Medal of Freedom, The Political Graveyard