Askari
Local soldier of a colonial army in Africa
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Key Takeaways
- An askari or ascari (from Somali, Swahili, and Arabic عسكري , ʿaskarī , meaning 'soldier' or 'military', also 'police' in Somali) was a local soldier serving in the armies of the European colonial powers in Africa, particularly in the African Great Lakes, Northeast Africa and Central Africa.
- In French, the word is used only in reference to native troops outside the French colonial empire.
- During the period of the European colonial empires in Africa, locally recruited soldiers designated as askaris were employed by the Italian, British, Portuguese, German and Belgian colonial armies.
- During both World Wars, askari units also served outside their colonies of origin, in various parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.
- Etymology Askari is a loan word from Persian عسكري ( 'ʿaskarī' ) 'soldier'.
An askari or ascari (from Somali, Swahili, and Arabic عسكري, ʿaskarī, meaning 'soldier' or 'military', also 'police' in Somali) was a local soldier serving in the armies of the European colonial powers in Africa, particularly in the African Great Lakes, Northeast Africa and Central Africa. The word is used in this sense in English, as well as in German, Italian, Urdu, and Portuguese. In French, the word is used only in reference to native troops outside the French colonial empire. The designation is still in occasional use today to informally describe police, gendarmerie and security guards.
During the period of the European colonial empires in Africa, locally recruited soldiers designated as askaris were employed by the Italian, British, Portuguese, German and Belgian colonial armies. They played a crucial role in the conquest of the various colonial possessions, and subsequently served as garrison and internal security forces. During both World Wars, askari units also served outside their colonies of origin, in various parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. In South Africa the term refers to former members of the liberation movements who defected to the Apartheid government security forces.
Etymology
Askari is a loan word from Persian عسكري ('ʿaskarī') 'soldier'. The Persian word is a derivation from the Middle Persian word lashkar 'army'.
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